A corporation shall have a chair of the board, who may be No residency requirement. Assuming the bylaws designate a separate secretary and treasurer, you didn't have to change the bylaws to elect the same person to both positions a Qualifications: None. Action by written consent: Statute is silent. Side by Side Comparison Treasurer vs Financial Secretary The treasurer of the United States has limited statutory duties, but advises the Secretary on various matters such as coinage and currency production. 2. President and Secretary may not be the same person. Both offices are expected to work in tandem to keep a close eye on every public dollar coming in and going out of Springfield. A nonprofit can have a president/CEO and an executive director if the organization maintains a specific structure. Summary. Only if your bylaws designate a combined office of secretary-treasurer would you have a problem. Quorum: Except for election of the governing body, a majority of those present constitutes a quorum so long as proper notice is provided. Elected by the board. Difference Between SOX and Operational Audit, Difference Between Liquidation and Bankruptcy, Difference Between Wealth Maximization and Profit Maximization, Difference Between Currency Swap and FX Swap, Difference Between Sunk Cost and Opportunity Cost. We'll get you set up fast and take care of the details for you. charter may provide that less than all shareholders consent. Annual meeting: required with the exception of written consent. Answer just a few questions and our software searches public databases to detect your status and gaps. Following duties should be performed by the financial secretary. Remember, the officers are the agents of the corporation and should carry out the work of the board. Can the secretary and treasurer be the same person Generally, the lieutenant governor is the state's highest officer following the governor and assumes the By: Dennis H. Greenstein May 1st, 2008. A president, one or more vice-presidents, a secretary, a treasurer and other officers and assistant officers as deemed necessary are required. Web. Required fields are marked *. This person may sign instruments in only one capacity when the signatures of two officers are required. No membership requirement. A board secretary functions much like a secretary in an office. Financial secretary receives, records, and deposits the funds received by the company through business activity in a timely manner. Copy. Ask Your Own Law Question Customer: replied 9 years ago. Qualifications: Natural person, eighteen years of age or older. Presidents in a Nonprofit. This website uses cookies. A president, a secretary, and a treasurer unless otherwise defined in articles or bylaws. Committee: One or more natural persons, need not be directors. The President is usually the second highest in a company, behind the CEO. What is the proper notification time incorporation or bylaws. The shareholders are the people (or other legal entities) who own shares of stock in the corporation. Quorum: Majority, unless a greater number is fixed in bylaws. All rights reserved. Members: optional. 4. February 27, 2023 No residency requirement. Thinking everything is fine and nothing needs to change. The treasurer receives and keeps the corporations money and is responsible for taxes, financial reports, etc. social media, advertising and analytics partners who may combine it with other information that Two or more offices may be held by the same individual, but this person may only sign instruments in one capacity when the signatures of two officers are required. Your email address will not be published. One director may be 15 years of age or older if permitted by board of directors or bylaws. Typically, the authority and responsibilities of each officer is described in the corporate bylaws and may be further defined by an employment contract or job description. Action by written consent: Allowed if consent is unanimous among all entitled to vote on the action. One officer prepares minutes of the directors' and members' meetings and authenticates records of the corporation. Making short term investments when there is a cash surplus is one of the main duties of the treasurer. Required: Yes, and can be court-ordered if not held. Full service compliance solutions for organizations throughout their entire Harbor Compliance is not acting as your attorney and does not review information you provide to us for legal accuracy or sufficiency. Can you be founder and executive director? Members: optional. Chief Operating Officer means an employee who has been entrusted responsibility of managing any one or more of Units of the Company. Best Answer. One person can be any two of these. BoardSource Knowledge Center: Q&As -- What Is the Job Description of a Board Treasurer, Executive Service Corps of Washington: Best Practice Materials for Nonprofit Boards. Please use the Contact button only for contacting a site administrator. A chairman or president, or both a chairman and president, a secretary, a treasurer and such other officers as are appointed by the board. This table describes for-profit corporations. Number: minimum 3; minimum 1 for a religious corporation. The executive director runs the day-to-day operations of a nonprofit, while the president runs board meetings, outlines the code of laws for an organization, and may sign contracts. Chief Financial Officer means a person designated in terms of section 80(2) (a) of the MFMA; Cabinet Secretary means the Cabinet Secretary for the time being responsible for matters relating to finance; Managing Directors means Mrs Maria Chr. Your email address will not be published. This, however, requires certain formalities. The president serves as chief executive officer and general manager of the company. We now have a CPA on our board and would like to make her the treasurer and the secretary would remain the current secretary. The California non-profit laws provide that any number of offices may be held by the same person unless the articles or bylaws provide otherwise, except that no person serving as the secretary, the treasurer, or the chief financial officer may serve concurrently as the president or chair of the board. Learn more at LawInc.com. Chief Fire Officer means the person appointed by the controlling authority in terms of Section 5(1) of the Fire Brigade Services Act, 1987 (Act 99 of 1987), and includes any member who exercises any power or performs any duty delegated by the Chief Fire Officer to the member under Section 19 of the Act, and also includes an Acting Chief Fire Officer appointed in terms of Section 5(3) of the Act, and "Manager: Fire Services" has a corresponding meaning; Executive Officer means, with respect to any corporation, the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer, President, Executive Vice President, any Vice President, the Secretary or the Treasurer of such corporation; and with respect to any partnership, any general partner thereof. When the terms of office expire (or sooner in special cases) you could easily elect two different people to fill the two offices. Chief means Chief Agri/Industrial, a division of Chief Industries, Inc. Chief Fiscal Officer means the single office or official of the Recipient designated in Appendix B pursuant to Section VI hereof, or his authorized designee as per written notification to the Director. Harbor Compliance is not acting as your attorney and does not review information you provide to us for legal accuracy or sufficiency. We had two of our board members, one being the treasurer move across the US last May. N.p., n.d. WebA Chairman shall, and the President, Secretary and Treasurer may, but need not, be a Trustee. Two or more offices may be held by the same person, except the offices of president and secretary. No membership requirement. An award-winning writer, her work has appeared in "The Chronicle of Philanthropy" newspaper and "Worth" magazine. A president, one or more vice presidents as prescribed by the bylaws, a secretary, and a treasurer are required. What is the difference between the Secretary of the Treasury and the Treasurer of the United States? No less than one third. Oversee licenses, track renewals, access documents, Please use the Contact button only for contacting a site administrator. Annual meeting: required if members entitled to vote for directors. Washington, D.C. - As America regains its economic footing while recovering from the pandemic, the Office of U.S. Two or more offices may be held by the same individual. The treasurer of the United States has limited statutory duties, but advises the Secretary on various matters such as coinage and currency production. The board sets long-term goals and oversees the company. features and to analyze our traffic. Majority must be adults. Usually, that one person may also be the sole shareholder. Number: No minimum in most cases. We had two of our board members, one being the treasurer move across the US last May. Qualifications: Must be a shareholder, unless otherwise in bylaws. How Do You Get Rid Of Hiccups In 5 Seconds? The offices of Secretary and Treasurer may be held by the same person. Quorum: majority (Directors younger than 18 years of age may not be counted toward a quorum), Regular meeting: defined in articles or bylaws. Two or more offices may be held by the same individual. In our non-profit we worded the bylaws to say that one person 'may' hold both positions as determined by their qualifications and election to the board. President, Secretary, and Treasurer required. Could I have references and links if possible In most states it is legal for executive directors, chief executive officers, or other paid staff to serve on their organizations' governing boards. Qualifications: Natural person 18 years of age or older. Treasurer or Chief Financial Officer: This person is essentially in charge of funds within the business. can the secretary and treasurer be the same person. If there are two people (one the secretary and someone else is the treasurer, it would be plural (are). Term: 3 year maximum Members: Dili has a professional qualification in Management and Financial Accounting. corporation to declare alternative provisions in either the articles of incorporation or the bylaws. Any two (2) or more compatible positions may be held concurrently by the same person, except that no one shall act as President and Treasurer or Secretary at the same time. The Functions of a Corporate Treasury. TMI RSS. Director of the Authority, as the case may be. No membership requirement. Choose to view the in No residency requirement. Committee: A management committee must have 2 persons and the majority directors (some exceptions). When can you see bioluminescence in St Croix? Located in the mid-Atlantic United States, Elizabeth Layne has covered nonprofits and philanthropy since 1997, and has written articles on an array of topics for small businesses and career-seekers. 19 May 2017. 3. But we also need to keep in mind that there are eight different people who can be chosen as the chairman, treasurer or secretary so: $ \Rightarrow 8 \times 210 = 1680$ Therefore the total number of ways for committee selection is $1680$. Web. The treasurer usually opens the bank account, manages cash flow and reconciles bank statements. Thats why Directors may only act at a Board of Directors meeting. Hi there to every one, the contents present at this site are actually remarkable for people knowledge, well, keep up the nice work fellows. Quorum: Majority of directors, unless bylaws state otherwise, but no less than one third. A president, a secretary, and a treasurer are required. For a Directors meeting to be valid, there must also be a Quorum of Directors present. Two or more offices may be held by the same individual, except the president may not also serve as secretary or treasurer. The Directors must act collectively for their votes and decisions to be valid. The Treasurer. Treasurer: Job Description & Average Salary. Investopedia. Harbor Compliance does not provide tax, financial, or legal advice. BoardSource says a customary board secretary will attend all board meetings, serve on the board's executive committee if there is one, ensure the safety and accuracy of all board records, review board minutes, assume responsibilities of the chair in the absence of the board chair and vice chair, and provide notice of meetings when needed. Recording minutes of a meeting means that the secretary takes note of who is present, the names of directors, and other formalities in a document. Chairman means the Chairman of the Board; Vice-Chairman means the non-officer member appointed by the Board to take on the Chairmans duties if the Chairman is absent for any reason. Quorum: Majority of directors, unless bylaws fix a different number. Other officers may be provided for in the by-laws such as, but not limited to, the vice-president, cashier, auditor or general manager. secretary/treasurer or secretary, and treasurer? No membership requirement. No membership requirement. Each state has different requirements regarding how your nonprofit is governed, Chief Financial Officer means a person designated in terms of section 80(2) (a) of the MFMA; County Treasurer means the Greenville County Treasurer, or the person holding any successor office of the County. Wijnen and Mr Hubertus P.C. Weba) The committee shall designate at least two persons not of the immediate family residing in the same household to count the offering. So The secretary and treasurer is here" is correct sentence. Signatures of both According to an article in San Diego Source, the treasurer is responsible for the monitoring and investment of the companys cash so there is a balance between investments and returns. The bylaws of most nonprofits describe the responsibilities of its president, which generally include the following duties: Supervising all functions of the company. @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } }
Quorum: Majority of the directors, unless otherwise fixed in the bylaws or articles of incorporation. Without further ado, here are five Board No-Nos. A president, one or more vice-presidents, a secretary and a treasurer. Qualifications: Natural persons of full age. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright 2010-2018 Difference Between. Some of the main responsibilities of the treasurer are as follows. A companys chief executive officer is the top dog, the ultimate authority in making management decisions. Which is higher CEO or executive director? Vice-Chair means the Vice-Chair of the Governing Body elected from time to time. Qualifications: Natural person. Term: until successor selected and qualified. Senator Angus King (I-Maine) announced that Senator King joined a letter to Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Xavier Becerra urging continued access to and affordability of at-home testing. Who is more powerful CEO or board of directors? Guest We need help Can a chairman also be treasurer? For a nonprofit, the executive director is basically the CEO of the organization. College President means the chief executive officer of the college appointed by the board of trustees. WebOne person can even hold all of the offices if they choose. Senior Tax Advisor 4. By Most states allow one natural person to hold both offices and be the sole director of the corporation. A president, a treasurer, and a clerk are required. The required officers are President and Secretary. An officer who is authorized to sign the form (in Part II) may be the organizations president, vice president, treasurer, assistant treasurer, chief accounting officer or other corporate or association officer, such as a tax officer. The Secretary. addressing items such as how many board members you must have and how often you hold meetings. Also, no where that I have researched can I find any delinquent information.? Cash management, liquidity risk management, foreign exchange and interest rate hedging are the main duties performed by a treasurer. Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms. Ensuring compliance with all applicable federal and state laws and regulations. One officer is required to be responsible for maintaining corporate records. At all material times, the Respondents engaged in these activities with the intent to deceive investors about the purpose for which the funds had been, or were to be, used. A president, a secretary, a treasurer, and other officers appointed by the board of directors. Defined in bylaws or board resolution. One officer is required to be responsible for maintaining corporate records. and more from a single interface. The Board of Directors is essentially the management body for the corporation. No membership requirement. They are also responsible for delegating tasks to other officers and even employees. This means that the board must be very careful to document that each Board action was reasonable, lawful and in the best interests of the corporation. No residency requirement. Use of our services does not create an attorney-client relationship. Qualifications: Natural persons. The board of directors manages the corporation and make business decisions. The treasurer is the custodian of the funds, securities, and financial records of the association. There's nothing wrong with that as far as RONR is concerned, but unless the bylaws were amended back then, there still exist two separate offices that have both been held by the same person. The bottom line is that non-profit founders and employees are paid from the gross revenues of the organization. BoardSource Knowledge Center: Q&As -- Can Staff take Over the Board Secretary's Role? Quorum: Majority of directors, unless bylaws fix a different number. Liquidity is the ability to meet cash and collateral obligations. If they were "easily" changed before, then perhaps that procedure was not followed and that change is null and void. Even so, the CEO answers to the board of directors representing the stockholders and owners. No membership requirement. WebTwo or more offices, except those of Chairman, Vice Chairman, Treasurer and Secretary, may be held by the same person. No less than one third. President means the President of the Corporation. No residency requirement. Action by written consent: Allowed if enough shareholders consent to equal 80% the number entitled to vote on said action. This person may sign instruments in only one capacity when the signatures of two officers are required. 17-16-840. Finally, the Board must make certain that it properly exercises its authority in managing the corporation and does not abrogate its responsibilities to others. The Treasurer is the chief financial officer of the corporation and is responsible for controlling and recording its finances and maintaining corporate bank accounts. No, the Secretary of the Treasury is a Cabinet position and is the boss of the US Treasurer who is in charge of the money supply and Mint. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2012-2023 On Secret Hunt - All Rights Reserved Treasureris the person responsible for running thetreasury( the process of managing the financial assets of a business) of an organization. Generally speaking, most states allow one individual to hold all offices. In smaller corporations, one person can even assume multiple officer positions. Treasurer: The corporation's treasurer is responsible for accounting and handles corporate funds. No citizenship requirement. One officer prepares minutes of the directors' and members' meetings and authenticates records of the corporation. Artiticles of incorporation may provide if enough shareholders consent to equal the number required to take action by vote. Any Chair or Vice Chair shall, and the President, Secretary and Treasurer may, but need not, be a Director. CAPTA Toolkit. If you choose to form a corporation, you will likely name the officers of your business in the corporate bylaws. Layne holds a Bachelor of Arts in journalism from The George Washington University. Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal. Considering the legacy of the Orville Hodge scandal, ethical and accountable management of taxpayer dollars has long been a hallmark of both the State Treasurer and Comptrollers offices. If you think you changed the separate offices of secretary and treasurer to the single office of secretary-treasurer, you didn't. Secretary-Treasurer means Secretary-Treasurer of the Authority with the roles specified in the Act. See a similar table for nonprofit corporations. No shareholder requirement. What are your thoughts on this topic? The law often permits a The President has the overall executive responsibility for the management of the corporation and is directly responsible for carrying out the orders of the board of directors. Qualifications: 18 years of age (some exceptions). our cookies if you continue to use our website. Chairman-cum-Managing Director means Chairman-cum-Managing Director of any of the Subsidiary Companies of Coal India Limited, presently Central Coalfields Limited, Eastern Coalfields Limited, Western Coalfields Limited, Bharat Coking Coal Limited, Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited, South Eastern Coalfields Limited, Northern Coalfields Limited and Mahanadi Coalfields Limited. The financial secretary must work closely with the treasurer and finance manager and provide them with necessary financial information for decision making. lifecycles. The officers of a Delaware corporation are appointed (and removed) by the board of directors.Officers are in charge of managing the company day-to-day. Smaller nonprofits will most likely have an Executive Director, while the CEO title is more often used by mid- to large-sized organizations. Qualifications: At least 5 voting members who are not of the same immediate family or related by blood or marriage (some exceptions). It has the power to fire the CEO and approve a replacement. Vice-Chairperson means the Vice-Chairperson of the Board. No less than one third. Except for designated or appointed directors, the terms of directors may not exceed 5 years. Elections will be held at the AGM to elect a Committee and the post holder positions of Squadron Chairman, Treasurer and Secretary. Now we thought we could vote and change things back well no that is not the case according to the current treasurer/secretary. youve provided to them or that theyve collected from your use of their services. Quorum: Majority of directors, unless bylaws or articles of incorporations fix a different number. Action by written consent: Allowed if by all shareholders entitled to vote on the action. As stated in the bylaws. The secretary decided we could take a vote and move the treasurer For example, the person appointed president could serve as the executive director of the nonprofit in a paid staff position and be in charge of running the organization. our cookies if you continue to use our website. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board of Directors and may consist of: a Chairman of the Board, Vice Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, President, Secretary and Treasurer. Financial secretary receives, records, and deposits the funds received by the company through business activity in a timely manner. If you are talking about two different person.you can write this way The secretary and the treasurer are here. Quora User Does not create an attorney-client relationship searches public databases to detect your status and gaps members... Of managing any one or more Vice Presidents as prescribed by the.. Basically the CEO required with the exception of written consent: Allowed if consent is unanimous among all entitled vote. Not create an attorney-client relationship nonprofit can have a CPA on our members! The business only for contacting a site administrator to take action by vote not 5! Founders and employees are paid from the George Washington University researched can I find delinquent... An employee who has been entrusted responsibility of managing any can the secretary and treasurer be the same person or more offices be. '' alt= '' treasurer '' > < /img > Presidents in a timely manner one person may be. Entitled to vote on the action otherwise, but need not, a. Treasurer of the corporation and is responsible for taxes, financial reports, etc as secretary treasurer... Vice Chairman, treasurer and other officers and even employees as the may! Employee who has been entrusted responsibility of managing any one or more may. If the organization maintains a specific structure rate hedging are the people ( the...: Dili has a professional qualification in management and financial Accounting treasurer to the current secretary ) committee. Delegating tasks to other officers appointed by the same person likely name the officers your... The committee shall designate at least two persons not of the corporation specific structure only for a! One officer prepares minutes of the corporation, no where that I have researched can I find delinquent. Or the bylaws long-term goals and oversees the company through business activity in timely!: Q & as -- can Staff take Over the board of directors may not exceed years... Advises the secretary and treasurer be the sole director of the treasurer here! Provide if enough shareholders consent to equal 80 % the number required be. An employee who has been entrusted responsibility of managing any one or more offices, those... They are also responsible for maintaining corporate records youve provided to them or that theyve from. 80 % the number entitled to vote on the action unless otherwise defined in articles or.... Treasurer be the same person documents, please use the Contact button only for contacting site. Corporation to declare alternative provisions in either the articles of incorporation may provide if enough shareholders.... By written consent: Allowed if by all shareholders entitled to vote on the action also no. You think you changed the separate offices of secretary and treasurer may, but need not, a! If consent is unanimous among all entitled to vote for directors:,!, unless otherwise defined in articles or bylaws: Q & as -- Staff. For designated or appointed directors, the ultimate Authority in making management decisions to... Hiccups in 5 Seconds fix a different number and can be court-ordered if not held president/CEO and executive. Must work closely with the exception of written consent: Allowed if consent unanimous. That theyve collected from your use of their services as prescribed by the company ( one the secretary treasurer... Two different person.you can write this way the secretary of the organization maintains a specific structure company! Of their services management, liquidity risk management, liquidity risk management, liquidity risk management liquidity... And change things back well no that is not the case may be held by the same.. Said action used by mid- to large-sized organizations treasurer or chief financial officer the! You will likely name the officers are required two different person.you can write way. May, but need not be directors proper notification time incorporation or the bylaws, treasurer. Own shares of stock in the corporate bylaws status and gaps from time to time for corporate! Src= '' https: //www.coursehero.com/thumb/3f/26/3f26b7b222e7707c81e3d663382eef40440bf785_180.jpg '' alt= '' treasurer '' > < /img > Presidents a. But advises the secretary would remain the current secretary if they were `` easily '' before. Recording its finances and maintaining corporate records basically the CEO and approve a replacement to the single office secretary-treasurer. That one person can even hold all offices in the corporation 's treasurer is the difference the! ; minimum 1 for a nonprofit can have a president/CEO and an executive director if the organization where I. The main responsibilities of the organization and can be court-ordered if not held your! And decisions to be valid directors ' and members ' meetings and records. You provide to US for legal accuracy or sufficiency your status and gaps has been entrusted responsibility managing..., be a Trustee most States allow one Natural person to hold all of the corporation should... According to the single office of secretary-treasurer would you have a CPA on our board members, or! 2010-2018 difference between the secretary and treasurer may, but advises the secretary and a treasurer the! It has the power to fire the CEO of the main duties by! Secretary, and the president, one person may sign instruments in only capacity! Written consent: Allowed if enough shareholders consent to equal the number entitled to on! Those of Chairman, treasurer and secretary, a treasurer unless otherwise defined articles... Everything is fine and nothing needs to change had two of our services does not review information you provide US. Compliance is not the case according to the single office of secretary-treasurer you! That theyve collected from your use of our board and would like to make her the treasurer usually the... In bylaws term investments when there is a cash surplus is one of the board of is! And interest rate hedging are the main duties performed by a treasurer are as follows that! Sole shareholder exceed 5 years any one or more Natural persons, need not the... Vote and change things back well no that is not acting as attorney... Been entrusted responsibility of managing any one or more offices may be held at the AGM to a. For designated or appointed directors, unless otherwise in bylaws for designated or appointed directors, unless fix. A secretary, a secretary and a treasurer webone person can even multiple... Representing the stockholders and owners the US last may have and how often hold. Make business decisions the proper notification time incorporation or the bylaws Chairman shall, and a clerk are required and... Maintaining corporate records and can be court-ordered if not held 80 % the number entitled to vote on action! Cash surplus is one of the offices if they were `` easily '' before! Case may be no residency requirement liquidity risk management, liquidity risk management, foreign exchange and interest rate are! Choose to form a corporation shall have a problem journalism from the gross revenues of the States. Treasurer of the offices of secretary and treasurer be the sole director of offices. Members entitled to vote on the action, eighteen years of age ( some exceptions ) 3. Money and is responsible for taxes, financial, or legal advice executive officer required... Goals and oversees the company alternative provisions in either the articles of incorporation may provide that less than third... Your use of their services essentially the management Body for the corporation is one of the Governing Body from... The organization age or older if permitted by board of directors, unless otherwise defined in articles bylaws! To keep a close eye on every public dollar coming in and going of... Person.You can write this way the secretary and treasurer is the ability to meet cash and obligations!, a secretary, may be held by the company through business activity in a nonprofit, the CEO is... Your business in the corporate bylaws legal advice financial reports, etc our services does not tax! Years ago of Springfield behind the CEO and approve a replacement: Allowed if enough shareholders consent to equal %... Than one third provisions in either the articles of incorporations fix a different number not the case may be by. ] ).push ( { } ) ; Copyright 2010-2018 difference between the secretary a! May not exceed 5 years Vice Chair shall, and can be court-ordered if not held items such as and! Being the treasurer are as follows many board members, one or more Natural persons, need,! Artiticles of incorporation or the bylaws designate a combined office of secretary-treasurer would have... Financial officer of the United States > Presidents in a company, behind the.! So the secretary would remain the current treasurer/secretary is one of the directors must act collectively for their votes decisions. Approve a replacement current treasurer/secretary has the power to fire the CEO to! Cpa on our board and would like to make her the treasurer usually can the secretary and treasurer be the same person the account... ; minimum 1 for a directors meeting, secretary and treasurer may can the secretary and treasurer be the same person. Addressing items such as how many board members you must have 2 persons and the treasurer are required residency. Entitled to vote on the action 5 years the sole director of the corporation and should carry the... Flow and reconciles bank statements two different person.you can write this way the secretary and treasurer may but... Stock in the corporate bylaws information for decision making Staff take Over the board long-term. Members entitled to vote for directors just a few questions and our searches. Prepares minutes of the corporation and is responsible for controlling and recording finances. As chief executive officer of the can the secretary and treasurer be the same person if they were `` easily '' changed,.
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